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DBIS TECHNICAL STANDARDS

Comprehensive Technical Standards and Specifications

DOCUMENT METADATA

Version: 1.0
Last Updated: [YYYY-MM-DD]
Effective Date: [YYYY-MM-DD]
Status: Active
Authority: DBIS Technical Department

PREAMBLE

This document establishes comprehensive technical standards for all DBIS systems, infrastructure, and operations. It covers hardware, software, network, and security standards.

PART I: HARDWARE STANDARDS

Section 1.1: Server Standards

Server specifications:

Performance Requirements:

  • CPU: Minimum 16 cores (32 threads recommended), x86-64 architecture or ARM64
  • RAM: Minimum 64GB (128GB recommended for production), ECC memory required
  • Storage: Minimum 10TB SSD per server (NVMe preferred), with separate boot and data partitions
  • Network: Minimum 2x 10GbE network interfaces (bonded/teamed for redundancy)

Redundancy Requirements:

  • Configuration: N+1 redundancy for all critical systems
  • Power: Dual power supplies with independent power sources
  • Cooling: Redundant cooling systems with temperature monitoring
  • Hardware Monitoring: IPMI/BMC access for remote management and health monitoring

Security Features:

  • TPM 2.0: Trusted Platform Module 2.0 required for secure boot and key storage
  • Secure Boot: UEFI Secure Boot enabled and verified
  • Hardware Security Module (HSM): HSM integration for cryptographic operations (optional but recommended)
  • Physical Security: Tamper-evident enclosures, locked server racks, access logging

Maintenance Requirements:

  • Maintenance Windows: Scheduled during low-usage periods with 48-hour advance notice
  • Firmware Updates: Quarterly firmware updates, tested in staging before production
  • Hardware Lifecycle: 5-year replacement cycle, with 1-year overlap for migration
  • Documentation: Complete hardware inventory and maintenance logs required

Section 1.2: Network Equipment

Network equipment standards:

Performance Specifications:

  • Switch Ports: Minimum 10GbE ports (25GbE or 100GbE for core switches)
  • Throughput: Non-blocking architecture with full line-rate forwarding
  • Latency: Sub-10 microsecond switching latency for core switches
  • Bandwidth: Minimum 40Gbps aggregate bandwidth per switch

Security Features:

  • 802.1X: Port-based network access control (NAC) required
  • MAC Filtering: Static MAC address binding for critical devices
  • VLAN Isolation: Strict VLAN separation with access control lists (ACLs)
  • Port Security: Disable unused ports, limit MAC addresses per port
  • Management Security: Encrypted management protocols (SSH, HTTPS), SNMPv3 only

Reliability Requirements:

  • Redundancy Protocols: STP/RSTP/MSTP for loop prevention, LACP for link aggregation
  • Uptime: 99.99% availability target (less than 53 minutes downtime per year)
  • Failover: Sub-second failover for redundant links and devices
  • Monitoring: SNMP monitoring with alerting for link failures and performance degradation

Compatibility Requirements:

  • Standards Compliance: IEEE 802.3 (Ethernet), 802.1Q (VLAN), 802.1X (NAC)
  • Protocol Support: IPv4 and IPv6 dual-stack required
  • Management: Standard SNMP, CLI, and API interfaces
  • Integration: Compatibility with existing network management systems

Section 1.3: Storage Systems

Storage system standards:

Capacity Requirements:

  • Tier 1 (Primary): Minimum 100TB per system, expandable to 1PB
  • Tier 2 (Secondary): Minimum 500TB for backup and archive
  • Tier 3 (Archive): Minimum 1PB for long-term retention
  • Growth Planning: 25% headroom required for capacity planning

Performance Requirements:

  • IOPS: Minimum 50,000 IOPS for Tier 1 storage, 10,000 IOPS for Tier 2
  • Latency: Sub-millisecond latency for Tier 1, <10ms for Tier 2
  • Throughput: Minimum 5GB/s read/write for Tier 1, 1GB/s for Tier 2
  • Deduplication: Data deduplication and compression enabled where applicable

Redundancy Requirements:

  • RAID Levels: RAID 6 minimum for production data, RAID 10 for high-performance workloads
  • Replication: Synchronous replication for critical data, asynchronous for secondary
  • Backup: 3-2-1 backup strategy (3 copies, 2 different media, 1 offsite)
  • Snapshots: Daily snapshots with 30-day retention, hourly for critical systems

Security Features:

  • Encryption at Rest: AES-256 encryption required for all stored data
  • Key Management: Integration with HSM or key management service (KMS)
  • Access Control: Role-based access control (RBAC) with audit logging
  • Data Sanitization: Secure data erasure procedures for decommissioned storage

PART II: SOFTWARE STANDARDS

Section 2.1: Operating Systems

Operating system standards:

Supported Operating Systems:

  • Linux: Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) 8.0+ or 9.0+, Ubuntu Server 20.04 LTS or 22.04 LTS
  • Container Hosts: RHEL 8+ with Podman/Docker, or Ubuntu 20.04+ with containerd
  • Legacy Support: RHEL 7.x supported until end-of-life (with security patches)
  • Unsupported: Windows Server, macOS Server (not approved for production)

Hardened Configurations:

  • CIS Benchmarks: Compliance with Center for Internet Security (CIS) Level 2 benchmarks
  • SELinux/AppArmor: Mandatory Access Control (MAC) enabled and enforced
  • Firewall: Firewalld or UFW configured with deny-by-default rules
  • Services: Minimal service footprint, disable unnecessary services and daemons
  • User Accounts: No default passwords, strong password policies (12+ characters, complexity)
  • SSH: Disable root login, key-based authentication only, disable weak ciphers

Update Requirements:

  • Security Patches: Apply critical and high-severity patches within 72 hours
  • Regular Updates: Monthly maintenance windows for standard updates
  • Testing: All updates tested in staging environment before production
  • Rollback Plan: Documented rollback procedures for all updates
  • Compliance: Track and report on patch compliance status

Security Requirements:

  • Vulnerability Scanning: Weekly automated vulnerability scans
  • Intrusion Detection: Host-based IDS (HIDS) such as OSSEC or Wazuh
  • Logging: Centralized logging with syslog-ng or rsyslog, 90-day retention minimum
  • Audit: Linux audit daemon (auditd) enabled for compliance tracking
  • Encryption: Full disk encryption (LUKS) for all systems with sensitive data

Section 2.2: Application Software

Application software standards:

Development Standards:

  • Languages: Python 3.9+, Go 1.19+, Rust 1.65+, TypeScript/JavaScript (Node.js 18+)
  • Frameworks: Approved frameworks only (Django, FastAPI, Gin, React, Vue.js)
  • Code Quality: Static analysis tools (SonarQube, ESLint, pylint), minimum 80% test coverage
  • Version Control: Git with mandatory code review, branch protection rules
  • CI/CD: Automated testing and deployment pipelines (GitLab CI, GitHub Actions, Jenkins)

Security Requirements:

  • OWASP Top 10: All applications must address OWASP Top 10 vulnerabilities
  • Dependency Scanning: Automated dependency vulnerability scanning (Snyk, Dependabot)
  • Secrets Management: No hardcoded secrets, use secrets management systems (HashiCorp Vault, AWS Secrets Manager)
  • Input Validation: All user inputs validated and sanitized
  • Authentication: Multi-factor authentication (MFA) required for all user-facing applications
  • Authorization: Role-based access control (RBAC) with principle of least privilege

Testing Requirements:

  • Unit Testing: Minimum 80% code coverage with unit tests
  • Integration Testing: Automated integration tests for all API endpoints
  • Security Testing: Static Application Security Testing (SAST) and Dynamic Application Security Testing (DAST)
  • Penetration Testing: Annual third-party penetration testing for production applications
  • Performance Testing: Load testing for applications with expected high traffic

Documentation Requirements:

  • API Documentation: OpenAPI/Swagger specifications for all REST APIs
  • Architecture Diagrams: System architecture and data flow diagrams
  • Runbooks: Operational runbooks for deployment, troubleshooting, and incident response
  • Code Comments: Inline code documentation for complex logic
  • Change Logs: Maintained changelog for all releases

Section 2.3: Database Systems

Database system standards:

Supported Database Systems:

  • Relational: PostgreSQL 14+ (preferred), MySQL 8.0+ or MariaDB 10.6+
  • NoSQL: MongoDB 6.0+ (for document storage), Redis 7.0+ (for caching)
  • Time-Series: InfluxDB 2.0+ or TimescaleDB (for metrics and monitoring)
  • Unsupported: Oracle, SQL Server (not approved without special authorization)

Configuration Requirements:

  • Encryption at Rest: Database-level encryption enabled (PostgreSQL pgcrypto, MySQL encryption)
  • Encryption in Transit: TLS 1.3 required for all database connections
  • Replication: Master-replica replication for high availability (minimum 1 replica)
  • Connection Pooling: Connection pooling required (PgBouncer, ProxySQL)
  • Backup Configuration: Automated daily backups with point-in-time recovery (PITR) capability
  • Resource Limits: CPU, memory, and connection limits configured per database instance

Security Requirements:

  • Access Control: Database users with least privilege, separate accounts for applications
  • Password Policy: Strong passwords (16+ characters), regular rotation (90 days)
  • Network Security: Database servers not directly accessible from internet, VPN or bastion hosts only
  • Audit Logging: Database audit logging enabled for all sensitive operations
  • Vulnerability Management: Regular database security updates and patches
  • SQL Injection Prevention: Parameterized queries only, no dynamic SQL construction

Backup Requirements:

  • Frequency: Daily full backups, hourly incremental backups for production databases
  • Retention: 30 days for daily backups, 7 days for hourly backups, 1 year for monthly archives
  • Testing: Monthly backup restoration testing to verify integrity
  • Offsite Storage: Encrypted backups stored in geographically separate location
  • Recovery Time Objective (RTO): Maximum 4 hours for critical databases
  • Recovery Point Objective (RPO): Maximum 1 hour data loss for critical databases

PART III: NETWORK STANDARDS

Section 3.1: Network Architecture

Network architecture standards:

Network Topology Requirements:

  • Three-Tier Architecture: Core, Distribution, and Access layers with clear separation
  • Redundancy: Dual-homed connections at all layers, no single points of failure
  • Segmentation: Network segmentation using VLANs, with DMZ for external-facing services
  • CSZ Boundaries: Cyber-Sovereign Zones (CSZ) with isolated network segments per CSP-1113 specifications
  • Load Balancing: Application load balancers for high-availability services

Required Protocols:

  • Routing: BGP for external routing, OSPF for internal routing
  • Switching: VLAN (802.1Q), Spanning Tree Protocol (STP/RSTP/MSTP)
  • Link Aggregation: LACP (802.3ad) for port channeling and redundancy
  • Network Management: SNMPv3, NetFlow/IPFIX for traffic analysis
  • Time Synchronization: NTP (Network Time Protocol) with authenticated time sources

Security Requirements:

  • Firewall Rules: Default deny policy, explicit allow rules only
  • Intrusion Detection/Prevention: Network-based IDS/IPS (Snort, Suricata) at network boundaries
  • DDoS Protection: DDoS mitigation at network edge, rate limiting on critical services
  • Network Access Control (NAC): 802.1X authentication for all network devices
  • Traffic Inspection: Deep packet inspection (DPI) for threat detection
  • Zero-Trust Architecture: Verify and authenticate all network communications

Performance Requirements:

  • Latency: End-to-end latency <10ms for internal networks, <50ms for external connections
  • Bandwidth: Minimum 10Gbps for core links, 1Gbps for access layer
  • Packet Loss: <0.1% packet loss under normal conditions
  • Jitter: <5ms jitter for real-time applications
  • Throughput: Support for full line-rate forwarding on all network devices

Section 3.2: Security Standards

Security standards:

Encryption Requirements:

  • TLS/SSL: TLS 1.3 minimum for all external communications, TLS 1.2 acceptable for legacy systems
  • Cipher Suites: Only approved cipher suites (see CSP-1113 Section 3.1 for approved algorithms)
  • Certificate Management: X.509 v3 certificates from trusted Certificate Authority (CA), regular rotation
  • Perfect Forward Secrecy (PFS): Required for all TLS connections
  • VPN Encryption: IPsec with AES-256-GCM or ChaCha20-Poly1305 for site-to-site VPNs
  • Wireless: WPA3 for wireless networks, WPA2 acceptable for legacy devices

Authentication Requirements:

  • Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA): Required for all administrative access and user accounts
  • Certificate-Based Authentication: X.509 certificates for service-to-service authentication
  • Single Sign-On (SSO): SAML 2.0 or OAuth 2.0/OpenID Connect for user authentication
  • Password Policy: Minimum 16 characters, complexity requirements, 90-day rotation
  • Session Management: Secure session tokens, timeout after 15 minutes of inactivity
  • Biometric Authentication: Optional but recommended for high-security access

Access Control Requirements:

  • Role-Based Access Control (RBAC): Granular permissions based on job function
  • Principle of Least Privilege: Users granted minimum permissions necessary
  • Network Segmentation: Firewall rules enforcing network segmentation and isolation
  • Application-Level Access Control: Access control lists (ACLs) in applications
  • Privileged Access Management (PAM): Separate accounts and monitoring for privileged access
  • Zero-Trust Model: Verify identity and authorization for every access request

Monitoring Requirements:

  • SIEM Integration: Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) for centralized logging
  • Log Retention: Minimum 90 days for operational logs, 1 year for security logs, 7 years for audit logs
  • Real-Time Alerting: Automated alerts for security events, failed authentication attempts, policy violations
  • Network Monitoring: Continuous monitoring of network traffic, bandwidth utilization, and anomalies
  • Threat Intelligence: Integration with threat intelligence feeds for proactive threat detection
  • Incident Response: Automated incident response playbooks for common security events
  • Compliance Reporting: Regular compliance reports for security standards and regulations

PART IV: COMPLIANCE AND ALIGNMENT

Section 4.1: Alignment with CSP-1113

These technical standards align with the Cyber-Sovereignty Protocol CSP-1113:

  • Cryptographic algorithms and key management per CSP-1113 Chapter 3 and 4
  • Network security architecture per CSP-1113 Part I
  • Validation frameworks per CSP-1113 Part III
  • See CSP-1113 Technical Specification for detailed protocol specifications

Section 4.2: Compliance Standards

All systems must comply with:

  • CIS Benchmarks: Center for Internet Security benchmarks for operating systems
  • NIST Cybersecurity Framework: Alignment with NIST CSF controls
  • ISO 27001: Information security management system requirements
  • PCI DSS: Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (if applicable)
  • SOC 2: System and Organization Controls Type 2 (if applicable)

Section 4.3: Review and Updates

  • Annual Review: Complete review of all technical standards annually
  • Quarterly Updates: Quarterly updates for emerging threats and technologies
  • Change Management: All changes reviewed and approved by Technical Department
  • Version Control: All standards versioned and change history maintained

REVISION HISTORY

Version Date Author Changes
1.0 [YYYY-MM-DD] DBIS Technical Department Initial version - Expanded from placeholder content with comprehensive technical specifications

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END OF TECHNICAL STANDARDS

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