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+# SMOA Security Architecture
+
+**Version:** 1.0  
+**Last Updated:** 2024-12-20  
+**Status:** Draft - In Progress  
+**Classification:** Internal Use
+
+---
+
+## Security Overview
+
+### Security Objectives
+- Protect sensitive data at rest and in transit
+- Ensure strong authentication and authorization
+- Maintain audit trail for compliance
+- Enable secure offline operations
+- Support secure inter-agency communications
+
+### Security Principles
+- **Defense in Depth:** Multiple layers of security controls
+- **Least Privilege:** Minimum necessary access
+- **Zero Trust:** Verify all access requests
+- **Security by Design:** Security built into architecture
+- **Continuous Monitoring:** Ongoing security monitoring
+
+### Threat Model
+See [Threat Model Document](SMOA-Threat-Model.md) for detailed threat analysis.
+
+---
+
+## Authentication Architecture
+
+### Multi-Factor Authentication
+
+SMOA requires three concurrent authentication factors:
+
+1. **Knowledge Factor (PIN)**
+   - 6-12 digit numeric PIN
+   - Complexity requirements enforced
+   - Retry limits and lockout thresholds
+   - Hardware-backed storage
+
+2. **Biometric Factor (Fingerprint)**
+   - Hardware-backed fingerprint verification
+   - Secure OS biometric subsystem
+   - Non-exportable biometric data
+   - Liveness detection
+
+3. **Biometric Factor (Facial Recognition)**
+   - Hardware-backed facial recognition
+   - Secure OS biometric subsystem
+   - Non-exportable biometric data
+   - Anti-spoofing measures
+
+### Authentication Flow
+
+```
+User → PIN Entry → Fingerprint Scan → Facial Recognition → Authentication Success
+                                      ↓
+                              Hardware-Backed Verification
+                                      ↓
+                              Session Creation
+```
+
+### Session Management
+
+- **Session Creation:** After successful authentication
+- **Session Timeout:** Configurable inactivity timeout
+- **Session Renewal:** Automatic renewal during activity
+- **Session Lock:** Lock on backgrounding, fold state change, security events
+- **Re-authentication:** Required for sensitive operations
+
+### Re-authentication Triggers
+
+- Period of inactivity (configurable)
+- Device fold state change (policy-defined)
+- Security signal detection
+- Sensitive operation access:
+  - Credential display
+  - Secure communications initiation
+  - VPN/browser access
+  - Order creation/modification
+  - Evidence custody transfer
+
+---
+
+## Authorization Architecture
+
+### Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)
+
+#### Role Hierarchy
+- **Administrator:** Full system access
+- **Operator:** Standard operational access
+- **Viewer:** Read-only access
+- **Auditor:** Audit and reporting access
+- **Custom Roles:** Domain-specific roles (LE, Military, Judicial, Intelligence)
+
+#### Permission Model
+- **Module-Level Permissions:** Access to entire modules
+- **Feature-Level Permissions:** Access to specific features
+- **Data-Level Permissions:** Access to specific data
+- **Operation-Level Permissions:** Permission to perform operations
+
+#### Policy Enforcement
+- **Policy Engine:** Centralized policy enforcement
+- **Dynamic Policies:** Policies updated on connectivity
+- **Offline Policies:** Cached policies for offline operation
+- **Policy Validation:** Continuous policy validation
+
+### Access Control Points
+
+1. **Application Entry:** Authentication required
+2. **Module Access:** Role-based module access
+3. **Feature Access:** Feature-level permissions
+4. **Data Access:** Data-level permissions
+5. **Operation Access:** Operation-level permissions
+
+---
+
+## Cryptographic Architecture
+
+### Encryption at Rest
+
+#### Data Encryption
+- **Algorithm:** AES-256-GCM
+- **Key Storage:** Hardware-backed (Android Keystore)
+- **Key Management:** Automatic key rotation
+- **Scope:** All sensitive data
+
+#### Database Encryption
+- **Room Database:** Encrypted SQLite
+- **Encryption Key:** Hardware-backed key
+- **Key Binding:** Bound to device and user authentication state
+
+#### File Encryption
+- **Sensitive Files:** Encrypted file storage
+- **Key Management:** Per-file encryption keys
+- **Access Control:** File-level access control
+
+### Encryption in Transit
+
+#### Transport Layer Security
+- **Protocol:** TLS 1.2 or higher
+- **Cipher Suites:** Strong cipher suites only
+- **Certificate Pinning:** Certificate pinning for critical endpoints
+- **Mutual Authentication:** Mutual TLS where required
+
+#### VPN Requirements
+- **Mandatory VPN:** Required for browser module
+- **VPN Configuration:** Managed VPN configuration
+- **VPN Monitoring:** VPN connection monitoring
+
+### Key Management
+
+#### Key Storage
+- **Hardware-Backed:** Android Keystore (TEE)
+- **Key Isolation:** Keys isolated per application
+- **Key Binding:** Keys bound to device and user
+- **Non-Exportable:** Keys cannot be exported
+
+#### Key Lifecycle
+- **Key Generation:** Secure key generation
+- **Key Rotation:** Automatic key rotation
+- **Key Revocation:** Key revocation on security events
+- **Key Archival:** Secure key archival
+
+#### Key Types
+- **Data Encryption Keys:** For data at rest
+- **Transport Keys:** For data in transit
+- **Signing Keys:** For digital signatures
+- **Authentication Keys:** For authentication
+
+---
+
+## Certificate Management
+
+### Certificate Lifecycle
+
+#### Certificate Installation
+- **Certificate Sources:** Trusted certificate authorities
+- **Installation Process:** Secure installation procedures
+- **Certificate Validation:** Certificate chain validation
+- **Certificate Storage:** Secure certificate storage
+
+#### Certificate Validation
+- **Chain Validation:** Full certificate chain validation
+- **Revocation Checking:** OCSP/CRL checking
+- **Expiration Monitoring:** Certificate expiration monitoring
+- **Trust Validation:** Trust list validation
+
+#### Certificate Renewal
+- **Renewal Process:** Automated renewal where possible
+- **Renewal Notification:** Expiration notifications
+- **Renewal Procedures:** Manual renewal procedures
+
+### Qualified Certificates (eIDAS)
+
+#### Qualified Certificate Support
+- **QTSP Integration:** Qualified Trust Service Provider integration
+- **EU Trust Lists:** Validation against EU Trust Lists
+- **Certificate Validation:** Qualified certificate validation
+- **Certificate Storage:** Secure qualified certificate storage
+
+---
+
+## Data Protection
+
+### Data Classification
+
+#### Classification Levels
+- **Public:** Publicly accessible data
+- **Internal:** Internal use only
+- **Confidential:** Confidential data
+- **Secret:** Secret data
+- **Top Secret:** Top secret data
+
+#### Classification Enforcement
+- **Classification Labels:** Data classification labels
+- **Access Control:** Classification-based access control
+- **Handling Requirements:** Classification-based handling
+- **Storage Requirements:** Classification-based storage
+
+### Data Retention
+
+#### Retention Policies
+- **Policy Definition:** Configurable retention policies
+- **Automatic Deletion:** Automatic deletion per policy
+- **Retention Periods:** Different periods by data type
+- **Retention Compliance:** Compliance with retention requirements
+
+### Data Disposal
+
+#### Secure Deletion
+- **Secure Erase:** Cryptographic secure erase
+- **Key Destruction:** Key destruction on deletion
+- **Verification:** Deletion verification
+- **Audit Trail:** Deletion audit trail
+
+---
+
+## Network Security
+
+### Network Architecture
+
+#### Network Segregation
+- **Isolated Networks:** Network isolation where required
+- **VPN Tunnels:** VPN tunnels for secure communication
+- **Firewall Rules:** Firewall rule enforcement
+- **Network Monitoring:** Network traffic monitoring
+
+#### Secure Communication
+- **TLS Encryption:** All external communication encrypted
+- **Certificate Validation:** Certificate validation
+- **Connection Security:** Secure connection establishment
+- **Traffic Analysis:** Protection against traffic analysis
+
+### Network Controls
+
+#### Access Controls
+- **Network Access:** Controlled network access
+- **Endpoint Security:** Endpoint security requirements
+- **Network Policies:** Network access policies
+- **Monitoring:** Network access monitoring
+
+---
+
+## Security Controls
+
+### Security Control Matrix
+
+| Control Category | Control | Implementation | Status |
+|-----------------|---------|----------------|--------|
+| **Access Control** | Multi-factor authentication | core:auth | ✅ Implemented |
+| **Access Control** | Role-based access control | core:auth, core:security | ✅ Implemented |
+| **Access Control** | Session management | core:auth | ✅ Implemented |
+| **Encryption** | Data at rest encryption | core:security | ✅ Implemented |
+| **Encryption** | Data in transit encryption | core:security | ✅ Implemented |
+| **Encryption** | Key management | core:security | ✅ Implemented |
+| **Audit** | Audit logging | core:security | ✅ Implemented |
+| **Audit** | Immutable audit records | core:security | ⚠️ Partial |
+| **Network** | TLS enforcement | core:security | ✅ Implemented |
+| **Network** | VPN requirements | modules:browser | ✅ Implemented |
+| **Certificate** | Certificate management | core:certificates | ✅ Implemented |
+| **Certificate** | OCSP/CRL checking | core:certificates | ⚠️ Partial |
+
+### Control Effectiveness
+
+- **Access Controls:** Effective - Multi-factor authentication enforced
+- **Encryption:** Effective - Hardware-backed encryption
+- **Audit:** Effective - Comprehensive audit logging
+- **Network Security:** Effective - TLS and VPN enforcement
+- **Certificate Management:** Effective - Certificate lifecycle management
+
+---
+
+## Security Monitoring
+
+### Monitoring Capabilities
+
+#### Event Monitoring
+- **Authentication Events:** Monitor all authentication attempts
+- **Authorization Events:** Monitor authorization decisions
+- **Security Events:** Monitor security-relevant events
+- **Anomaly Detection:** Detect anomalous behavior
+
+#### Logging
+- **Security Logs:** Comprehensive security logging
+- **Audit Logs:** Complete audit trail
+- **Error Logs:** Security error logging
+- **Event Correlation:** Event correlation and analysis
+
+### Threat Detection
+
+#### Threat Indicators
+- **Failed Authentication:** Multiple failed authentication attempts
+- **Unauthorized Access:** Unauthorized access attempts
+- **Anomalous Behavior:** Unusual user behavior
+- **Security Violations:** Policy violations
+
+#### Response Procedures
+- **Automated Response:** Automated threat response
+- **Alert Generation:** Security alert generation
+- **Incident Escalation:** Incident escalation procedures
+- **Remediation:** Threat remediation procedures
+
+---
+
+## Compliance
+
+### Security Compliance
+
+#### Standards Compliance
+- **eIDAS:** Multi-factor authentication, qualified certificates
+- **ISO 27001:** Information security management
+- **DODI 8500.01:** DoD cybersecurity compliance
+- **CJIS:** Criminal justice information security
+
+#### Compliance Evidence
+- **Security Controls:** Implemented security controls
+- **Audit Trails:** Complete audit trails
+- **Certifications:** Security certifications
+- **Documentation:** Security documentation
+
+---
+
+## Security Best Practices
+
+### Development Practices
+- **Secure Coding:** Secure coding practices
+- **Code Review:** Security code review
+- **Vulnerability Scanning:** Regular vulnerability scanning
+- **Penetration Testing:** Regular penetration testing
+
+### Operational Practices
+- **Security Updates:** Regular security updates
+- **Configuration Management:** Secure configuration management
+- **Incident Response:** Incident response procedures
+- **Security Training:** Security awareness training
+
+---
+
+## References
+
+- [Threat Model](SMOA-Threat-Model.md)
+- [Security Configuration Guide](SMOA-Security-Configuration-Guide.md)
+- [Incident Response Plan](SMOA-Incident-Response-Plan.md)
+- [Architecture Documentation](../architecture/ARCHITECTURE.md)
+
+---
+
+**Document Owner:** Security Architect  
+**Last Updated:** 2024-12-20  
+**Status:** Draft - In Progress  
+**Classification:** Internal Use  
+**Next Review:** 2024-12-27
+